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對(dui)于(yu)(yu)普通(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)很多(duo)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)都不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)滿足要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，所以冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拉無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)可(ke)(ke)以加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強，尺寸精度(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)，表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)光潔(jie)度(du)(du)(du)(du)好(hao)，所以現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)越(yue)來越(yue)廣泛。冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固原(yuan)理(li):鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)塑性(xing)(xing)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)晶(jing)格(ge)缺陷(xian)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，而(er)晶(jing)格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺陷(xian)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)對(dui)晶(jing)格(ge)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)滑移(yi)將(jiang)起(qi)到(dao)(dao)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，使(shi)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)屈服(fu)點(dian)進(jin)步(bu)，塑性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)抗力(li)(li)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)塑性(xing)(xing)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)引(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)應(ying)力(li)(li)，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)減小(xiao)。冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)室溫(wen)(wen)下(xia)存放15-20天，或(huo)(huo)(huo)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)到(dao)(dao)100-200攝氏(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)。這一(yi)(yi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程稱為(wei)(wei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)后(hou)(hou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)處理(li)。進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)了冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屈服(fu)點(dian)。冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拉無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)(ji)限抗拉強度(du)(du)(du)(du)也有(you)(you)(you)(you)所提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)，塑性(xing)(xing)繼續下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程內(nei)(nei)應(ying)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)，彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)模量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)基(ji)本可(ke)(ke)以恢(hui)復。為(wei)(wei)了提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)屈服(fu)強度(du)(du)(du)(du)，節約鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)建筑工地或(huo)(huo)(huo)預(yu)制構(gou)件(jian)(jian)廠，常(chang)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)該原(yuan)理(li)按(an)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)標準冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)或(huo)(huo)(huo)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)或(huo)(huo)(huo)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)線(xian)材(cai)。目前(qian)，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強，廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)機(ji)械結構(gou)、液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)設備(bei)等(deng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)較高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)精度(du)(du)(du)(du)領域(yu)。 方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)處理(li)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)該注意(yi)：細長管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)應(ying)盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鹽(yan)(yan)浴爐(lu)(lu)或(huo)(huo)(huo)井式爐(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)垂(chui)直吊掛(gua)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)，以減少由(you)于(yu)(yu)自重(zhong)(zhong)而(er)引(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。截面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)大小(xiao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)同一(yi)(yi)爐(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，小(xiao)件(jian)(jian)應(ying)放在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)爐(lu)(lu)膛外(wai)端，大小(xiao)件(jian)(jian)分(fen)(fen)別計(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)小(xiao)件(jian)(jian)先出爐(lu)(lu)。每次裝(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)與(yu)(yu)爐(lu)(lu)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功率相(xiang)適(shi)應(ying)，裝(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)易(yi)壓(ya)溫(wen)(wen)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)需延長。方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)水(shui)或(huo)(huo)(huo)鹽(yan)(yan)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工件(jian)(jian)，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)取下(xia)限，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)或(huo)(huo)(huo)熔鹽(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工件(jian)(jian)，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)取上(shang)限。行雙介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai) 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)停留的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)按(an)前(qian)述三種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)控制，從(cong)(cong)(cong) 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)移(yi)入(ru)第二種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)應(ying)盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)短(duan)，以0.5-2s為(wei)(wei)宜(yi)。對(dui)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)允許氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、脫(tuo)(tuo)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)，應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)校(xiao)正的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鹽(yan)(yan)浴爐(lu)(lu)或(huo)(huo)(huo)保護氣(qi)氛爐(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)。如(ru)條件(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)具備(bei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)以在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)阻爐(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)，但需采取防護措施(shi)。 方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)垂(chui)直浸(jin)入(ru)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)作(zuo)擺動，只作(zuo)上(shang)下(xia)移(yi)動，并(bing)停止(zhi)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)攪(jiao)動。當(dang)(dang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)硬度(du)(du)(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部位冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)整體(ti)浸(jin)入(ru)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，對(dui)該部位再實施(shi)噴液(ye)(ye)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)，以提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)其冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)速度(du)(du)(du)(du)。必須(xu)放在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)區內(nei)(nei)，裝(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、裝(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)方(fang)(fang)式及堆放形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)式均(jun)(jun)應(ying)確保加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)均(jun)(jun)勻一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)，且不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)致(zhi)造成(cheng)畸(ji)變(bian)和(he)(he)其他缺陷(xian)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鹽(yan)(yan)爐(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)靠電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)太近，以防局部過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)熱(re)，距(ju)離(li)(li)應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)30mm以上(shang)。與(yu)(yu)爐(lu)(lu)壁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)(li)以及浸(jin)入(ru)液(ye)(ye)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)以下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深度(du)(du)(du)(du)，都應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)30mm以上(shang)。分(fen)(fen)級(ji)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)適(shi)當(dang)(dang)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，以增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)奧氏(shi)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)，防止(zhi)其分(fen)(fen)解為(wei)(wei)珠光體(ti)。結構(gou)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)及碳(tan)(tan)(tan)素鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)可(ke)(ke)以直接裝(zhuang)入(ru)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)或(huo)(huo)(huo)比(bi)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)20-30℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爐(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)。高(gao)(gao)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)高(gao)(gao)合金(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)600℃左右預(yu)熱(re)后(hou)(hou)，再升(sheng)至(zhi)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)硬層(ceng)較深的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)可(ke)(ke)適(shi)當(dang)(dang)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)硬層(ceng)較淺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)選取較低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、肥皂(zao)液(ye)(ye)等(deng)臟物。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)情況下(xia)，水(shui)溫(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)超(chao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)40℃，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)超(chao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)80℃。 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生產和(he)(he)運(yun)輸過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)難(nan)免會(hui)涂油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，影響(xiang)除(chu)(chu)銹(xiu)(xiu)、磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)涂層(ceng)與(yu)(yu)基(ji)體(ti)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)附(fu)著力(li)(li)。那么(me)，如(ru)何從(cong)(cong)(cong)方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)石油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)呢(ni)?今(jin)天我(wo)們(men)將(jiang)介(jie)(jie)紹(shao)一(yi)(yi)下(xia)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)清(qing)洗(xi)：皂(zao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)和(he)(he)未(wei)皂(zao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，以去(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)污。常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)乙(yi)醇、清(qing)潔(jie)汽油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、甲(jia)苯、四(si)氯(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)、三氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)等(deng)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是四(si)氯(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)和(he)(he)三氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)，它們(men)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)燃燒，可(ke)(ke)以在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)較高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)下(xia)脫(tuo)(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。需要(yao)(yao)(yao)注意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是，當(dang)(dang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)從(cong)(cong)(cong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)除(chu)(chu)去(qu)(qu)后(hou)(hou)，還需要(yao)(yao)(yao)額外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。因為(wei)(wei)當(dang)(dang)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)蒸發時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)會(hui)留下(xia)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)薄(bo)膜(mo)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)隨后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)堿(jian)清(qing)洗(xi)和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)脫(tuo)(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)可(ke)(ke)以去(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)薄(bo)膜(mo)。 如(ru)何從(cong)(cong)(cong)方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)石油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)呢(ni)?電(dian)(dian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)清(qing)洗(xi)：它通(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)從(cong)(cong)(cong)陰極(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)或(huo)(huo)(huo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)交(jiao)替陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)陰極(ji)(ji)去(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)反(fan)應(ying)從(cong)(cong)(cong)陰極(ji)(ji)析出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氫或(huo)(huo)(huo)從(cong)(cong)(cong)陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)析出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)機(ji)械攪(jiao)拌方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)，促(cu)進(jin)金(jin)屬表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)交(jiao)換，有(you)(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)漬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)皂(zao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)應(ying)和(he)(he)乳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)氣(qi)泡(pao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)析出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)下(xia)，剩(sheng)余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)斑(ban)從(cong)(cong)(cong)金(jin)屬表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)出來。但在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)從(cong)(cong)(cong)陰極(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，氫經(jing)常(chang)滲入(ru)金(jin)屬，導致(zhi)氫脆(cui)。為(wei)(wei)了防止(zhi)氫脆(cui)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)交(jiao)替去(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。 如(ru)何從(cong)(cong)(cong)方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)石油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)呢(ni)?今(jin)天我(wo)們(men)將(jiang)介(jie)(jie)紹(shao)一(yi)(yi)下(xia)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。堿(jian)清(qing)洗(xi)：一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)于(yu)(yu)堿(jian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)洗(xi)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)因其使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)簡單、價格(ge)低(di)廉(lian)、易(yi)于(yu)(yu)獲得(de)原(yuan)料(liao)而(er)得(de)到(dao)(dao)廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)堿(jian)洗(xi)工藝依賴于(yu)(yu)皂(zao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、乳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)功能(neng)(neng)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)單一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堿(jian)來達(da)到(dao)(dao)上(shang)述性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)添加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)添加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。皂(zao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)由(you)堿(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)決定(ding)，高(gao)(gao)堿(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)可(ke)(ke)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)張(zhang)力(li)(li)，使(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)易(yi)于(yu)(yu)乳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。另外(wai)，經(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)堿(jian)洗(xi)后(hou)(hou)，可(ke)(ke)以去(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)殘留方(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)洗(xi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)清(qing)洗(xi)：表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)張(zhang)力(li)(li)低(di)、潤濕性(xing)(xing)好(hao)、乳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)性(xing)(xing)好(hao)等(deng)優(you)點(dian)，是一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)乳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)水(shui)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)強度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)膜(mo)，改變(bian)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，使(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)顆粒分(fen)(fen)散在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)乳液(ye)(ye)。或(huo)(huo)(huo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解，使(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)于(yu)(yu)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)垢(gou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解于(yu)(yu)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)膠束中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)而(er)將(jiang)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)垢(gou)轉移(yi)到(dao)(dao)水(shui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

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