對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)普(pu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)很多(duo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)都不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)滿足要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拉無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)，尺寸精(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)，表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)光潔度(du)(du)(du)(du)好，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)越來越廣泛。冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li):鋼(gang)(gang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)塑(su)性(xing)變形(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)晶(jing)格缺(que)陷增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，而晶(jing)格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)陷嚴重變形(xing)對(dui)(dui)晶(jing)格進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)滑(hua)移將(jiang)(jiang)起(qi)到(dao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，使(shi)鋼(gang)(gang)屈服(fu)點進步(bu)，塑(su)性(xing)和(he)抗(kang)(kang)力下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)塑(su)性(xing)變形(xing)引(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內應(ying)(ying)力，鋼(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彈性(xing)模量(liang)減小(xiao)。冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)筋在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)室溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)存放15-20天(tian)，或(huo)(huo)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱到(dao)100-200攝氏(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)時(shi)間。這一(yi)(yi)(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)稱為(wei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)后(hou)(hou)時(shi)效(xiao)處理(li)(li)(li)。進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)筋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屈服(fu)點。冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拉無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)限抗(kang)(kang)拉強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)也有(you)所提(ti)高(gao)(gao)，塑(su)性(xing)繼續下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)效(xiao)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)內應(ying)(ying)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)，彈性(xing)模量(liang)基本可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)恢復。為(wei)了(le)(le)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)屈服(fu)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，節約鋼(gang)(gang)材，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)建筑工(gong)地或(huo)(huo)預制構件(jian)(jian)(jian)廠，常(chang)(chang)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)該(gai)原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)按一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)標(biao)準冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)或(huo)(huo)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)筋或(huo)(huo)低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)鋼(gang)(gang)線材。目前，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)(ba)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)，廣泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)機(ji)械(xie)結構、液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓設備等(deng)(deng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)精(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)領域。 方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)處理(li)(li)(li)時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)該(gai)注意(yi)：細長管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材應(ying)(ying)盡量(liang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鹽(yan)(yan)浴爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)或(huo)(huo)井(jing)式(shi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)垂直吊(diao)掛加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)減少(shao)由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)自重而引(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)。截面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)大(da)小(xiao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)同(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱時(shi)，小(xiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)應(ying)(ying)放在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)膛外(wai)端，大(da)小(xiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)分別計時(shi)小(xiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)先出(chu)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。每次裝爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)量(liang)要(yao)(yao)與(yu)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功率相適(shi)應(ying)(ying)，裝爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)量(liang)大(da)時(shi)易(yi)(yi)壓溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱時(shi)間需(xu)延長。方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)水(shui)或(huo)(huo)鹽(yan)(yan)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)取下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)限，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)或(huo)(huo)熔(rong)鹽(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)取上(shang)(shang)限。行雙介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)時(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai) 種淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)停留(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間按前述三種方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)控制，從(cong)(cong) 種淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)移入(ru)(ru)(ru)第二種淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間應(ying)(ying)盡量(liang)短，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)0.5-2s為(wei)宜。對(dui)(dui)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)允許(xu)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、脫(tuo)(tuo)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材，應(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)校(xiao)正的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鹽(yan)(yan)浴爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)或(huo)(huo)保護(hu)氣氛爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱。如(ru)(ru)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)具備時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)空氣電阻爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱，但(dan)需(xu)采(cai)取防(fang)護(hu)措施。 方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)垂直浸(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)擺(bai)動(dong)，只作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)移動(dong)，并停止淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)攪動(dong)。當(dang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)位(wei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)能(neng)力不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)整體浸(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)，對(dui)(dui)該(gai)部(bu)位(wei)再實施噴液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)其(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)速度(du)(du)(du)(du)。必須放在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)效(xiao)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱區(qu)內，裝爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)量(liang)、裝爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)及(ji)(ji)堆放形(xing)式(shi)均應(ying)(ying)確保加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)均勻(yun)一(yi)(yi)(yi)致，且(qie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)致造成(cheng)畸(ji)變和(he)其(qi)他缺(que)陷。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鹽(yan)(yan)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱時(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)靠電極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)太近(jin)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)防(fang)局部(bu)過(guo)(guo)熱，距離應(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)30mm以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)。與(yu)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)壁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)浸(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深度(du)(du)(du)(du)，都應(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)30mm以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)。分級(ji)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)適(shi)當(dang)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)奧氏(shi)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)，防(fang)止其(qi)分解為(wei)珠光體。結構鋼(gang)(gang)及(ji)(ji)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)素鋼(gang)(gang)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直接裝入(ru)(ru)(ru)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)或(huo)(huo)比淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)20-30℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱。高(gao)(gao)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)高(gao)(gao)合金(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)應(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)600℃左右(you)預熱后(hou)(hou)，再升至(zhi)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)硬(ying)層(ceng)較(jiao)深的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)適(shi)當(dang)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)硬(ying)層(ceng)較(jiao)淺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)選(xuan)取較(jiao)低(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得有(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、肥皂液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)(deng)臟物。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般情況下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，水(shui)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)超過(guo)(guo)40℃，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)超過(guo)(guo)80℃。 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生產和(he)運輸過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)難免會涂(tu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，影響除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)銹(xiu)、磷(lin)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)涂(tu)層(ceng)與(yu)基體之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)附(fu)著力。那么，如(ru)(ru)何(he)(he)從(cong)(cong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)石(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)呢?今天(tian)我們將(jiang)(jiang)介紹(shao)(shao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)。有(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)：皂化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)和(he)未皂化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)主要(yao)(yao)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)污。常(chang)(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)乙(yi)(yi)醇、清(qing)(qing)(qing)潔汽油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、甲苯(ben)、四(si)氯(lv)(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)、三氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯等(deng)(deng)。有(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)四(si)氯(lv)(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)和(he)三氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯，它們不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)燃燒(shao)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)脫(tuo)(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。需(xu)要(yao)(yao)注意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)，當(dang)有(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)從(cong)(cong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)去后(hou)(hou)，還需(xu)要(yao)(yao)額外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。因(yin)為(wei)當(dang)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)蒸發時(shi)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)(chang)會留(liu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)薄膜(mo)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)隨后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)堿(jian)(jian)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)和(he)電化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學脫(tuo)(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)薄膜(mo)。 如(ru)(ru)何(he)(he)從(cong)(cong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)石(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)呢?電化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)：它通(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)從(cong)(cong)陰(yin)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)或(huo)(huo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)交(jiao)替陽極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)陰(yin)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)電化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學反(fan)應(ying)(ying)從(cong)(cong)陰(yin)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)析出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氫或(huo)(huo)從(cong)(cong)陽極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)析出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)機(ji)械(xie)攪拌(ban)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，促進金(jin)屬(shu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。同(tong)時(shi)，溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)交(jiao)換，有(you)利于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)漬(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)皂化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)和(he)乳(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)氣泡不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)析出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，剩(sheng)余的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)斑從(cong)(cong)金(jin)屬(shu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)分離出(chu)來。但(dan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)從(cong)(cong)陰(yin)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，氫經(jing)常(chang)(chang)滲入(ru)(ru)(ru)金(jin)屬(shu)，導致氫脆(cui)。為(wei)了(le)(le)防(fang)止氫脆(cui)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)(chang)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)負極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)負極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)交(jiao)替去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。 如(ru)(ru)何(he)(he)從(cong)(cong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)石(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)呢?今天(tian)我們將(jiang)(jiang)介紹(shao)(shao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)。堿(jian)(jian)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)種基于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)堿(jian)(jian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)因(yin)其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)簡單(dan)、價(jia)格低(di)(di)廉、易(yi)(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)獲(huo)得原(yuan)料而得到(dao)廣泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)堿(jian)(jian)洗(xi)工(gong)藝依賴于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)皂化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、乳(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)(deng)功能(neng)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)單(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堿(jian)(jian)來達到(dao)上(shang)(shang)述性(xing)能(neng)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)(chang)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)多(duo)種成(cheng)分，有(you)時(shi)添加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)(deng)添加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。皂化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)由(you)(you)(you)堿(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)決定(ding)，高(gao)(gao)堿(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)張(zhang)力，使(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)易(yi)(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)乳(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。另外(wai)，經(jing)過(guo)(guo)堿(jian)(jian)洗(xi)后(hou)(hou)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)殘留(liu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)：表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)具有(you)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)張(zhang)力低(di)(di)、潤濕性(xing)好、乳(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)性(xing)好等(deng)(deng)優(you)點，是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種廣泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)乳(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)水(shui)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)形(xing)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)膜(mo)，改變界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)狀態，使(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)顆粒分散(san)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，形(xing)成(cheng)乳(ru)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或(huo)(huo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解，使(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)垢在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)膠束(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，從(cong)(cong)而將(jiang)(jiang)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)垢轉(zhuan)移到(dao)水(shui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
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