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所以(yi)(yi)在選擇(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)天然(ran)水作為果(guo)(guo)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)水時,其濾料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇(ze)(ze)與(yu)果(guo)(guo)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附碘值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高低等參數沒(mei)有(you)多大關系,而(er)與(yu)果(guo)(guo)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)渡孔(kong)(kong)(過(guo)(guo)(guo)渡孔(kong)(kong)半徑一(yi)般在10~100nm)有(you)多少有(you)關,應(ying)(ying)選擇(ze)(ze)過(guo)(guo)(guo)渡孔(kong)(kong)較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan),上述三(san)種(zhong)材質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)以(yi)(yi)核(he)桃殼(ke)和(he)杏殼(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)渡孔(kong)(kong)多,應(ying)(ying)選擇(ze)(ze)核(he)桃殼(ke)或杏殼(ke)。韶(shao)關蜂窩活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)生產廠家由(you)于(yu)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程是(shi)一(yi)個微(wei)(wei)觀過(guo)(guo)(guo)程,即(ji)大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)子碳化物表(biao)面侵(qin)(qin)蝕是(shi)點狀侵(qin)(qin)蝕,所以(yi)(yi)造成了(le)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)表(biao)有(you)無數細小(xiao)孔(kong)(kong)隙(xi)(xi)。活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)表(biao)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)孔(kong)(kong)直徑大多在2~50nm之間(jian)(jian),即(ji)使是(shi)少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan),也有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面積(ji),每克活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面積(ji)為500~1500m2,活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)切(qie)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong),幾乎(hu)都基于(yu)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這一(yi)特(te)點。等酸(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)化劑(ji)制(zhi)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)表(biao)面以(yi)(yi)酸(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)基團(tuan)為主(zhu),對堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)物質(zhi)(zhi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附較好;KOH、K2CO3等堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)化劑(ji)制(zhi)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)表(biao)面以(yi)(yi)堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)基團(tuan)為主(zhu),適合于(yu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附酸(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)物質(zhi)(zhi);而(er)采用(yong)(yong)CO2、H2O等物理活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)化方(fang)法制(zhi)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)表(biao)面官(guan)能(neng)團(tuan)總體呈(cheng)中性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)孔(kong)(kong)隙(xi)(xi)結(jie)構:活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)是(shi)由(you)石墨(mo)(mo)微(wei)(wei)晶、狀碳和(he)無定形碳三(san)部(bu)分(fen)組成,其中石墨(mo)(mo)微(wei)(wei)晶是(shi)構成活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體部(bu)分(fen)。活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)晶結(jie)構不同于(yu)石墨(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)晶結(jie)構,其微(wei)(wei)晶結(jie)構的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)層間(jian)(jian)距在0.34~0.35nm之間(jian)(jian),間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)(xi)大。即(ji)使溫度高達2000℃以(yi)(yi)上也難(nan)以(yi)(yi)轉化為石墨(mo)(mo),這種(zhong)微(wei)(wei)晶結(jie)構稱為非石墨(mo)(mo)微(wei)(wei)晶,絕大部(bu)分(fen)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)屬于(yu)非石墨(mo)(mo)結(jie)構。