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對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)普(pu)通(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無縫(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)很多方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)都(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能滿足要(yao)(yao)求，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拉無縫(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)，尺寸精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)，表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)光(guang)潔(jie)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)好，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)無縫(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)越來越廣泛(fan)。冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)無縫(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)原(yuan)理:鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)塑性(xing)(xing)變(bian)形(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)晶(jing)(jing)格(ge)缺陷增加(jia)(jia)，而(er)晶(jing)(jing)格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺陷嚴(yan)重(zhong)變(bian)形(xing)對(dui)(dui)晶(jing)(jing)格(ge)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步滑移(yi)將起到作用(yong)(yong)，使(shi)(shi)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)屈服點(dian)(dian)進(jin)步，塑性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)抗力(li)(li)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)塑性(xing)(xing)變(bian)形(xing)引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內應(ying)力(li)(li)，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彈性(xing)(xing)模量減(jian)小。冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)室溫(wen)(wen)下(xia)(xia)(xia)存放15-20天，或加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)到100-200攝氏度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)。這一(yi)(yi)過程(cheng)(cheng)稱(cheng)為(wei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)后(hou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)效處理。進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了(le)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屈服點(dian)(dian)。冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拉無縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)(ji)(ji)限(xian)抗拉強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)也有(you)(you)所提(ti)高(gao)(gao)，塑性(xing)(xing)繼續下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)效過程(cheng)(cheng)內應(ying)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)低(di)，彈性(xing)(xing)模量基(ji)本可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)恢復。為(wei)了(le)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)屈服強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，節約鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)地或預制構件(jian)廠，常(chang)(chang)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)該(gai)(gai)原(yuan)理按一(yi)(yi)定(ding)標準冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)或冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)或低(di)碳(tan)(tan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)線(xian)材(cai)。目前(qian)，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)拔(ba)無縫(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)能不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)，廣泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)機(ji)械結構、液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓設備(bei)等(deng)要(yao)(yao)求較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)領域。 方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)處理時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)該(gai)(gai)注意：細(xi)長管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)應(ying)盡(jin)量在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鹽浴爐(lu)(lu)(lu)或井式(shi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)垂直(zhi)吊掛加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)減(jian)少由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)自重(zhong)而(er)引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)。截(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)大(da)小不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)同一(yi)(yi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，小件(jian)應(ying)放在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)膛外端(duan)，大(da)小件(jian)分別(bie)計時(shi)(shi)(shi)小件(jian)先(xian)出(chu)(chu)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)。每次裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)量要(yao)(yao)與(yu)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功率相適(shi)(shi)應(ying)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)量大(da)時(shi)(shi)(shi)易壓溫(wen)(wen)，加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)需(xu)(xu)延(yan)長。方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)水或鹽水的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)取(qu)(qu)(qu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)限(xian)，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)或熔(rong)鹽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)取(qu)(qu)(qu)上(shang)限(xian)。行雙介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai) 種(zhong)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)停留的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)按前(qian)述(shu)(shu)三種(zhong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)控制，從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong) 種(zhong)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)移(yi)入(ru)第二(er)種(zhong)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)應(ying)盡(jin)量短(duan)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)0.5-2s為(wei)宜。對(dui)(dui)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)允許氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、脫(tuo)碳(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)，應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)經過校(xiao)正的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鹽浴爐(lu)(lu)(lu)或保護氣氛爐(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)。如條件(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)具(ju)備(bei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)空氣電阻(zu)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)，但需(xu)(xu)采(cai)取(qu)(qu)(qu)防(fang)(fang)護措施。 方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)垂直(zhi)浸(jin)入(ru)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)作擺動，只作上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)移(yi)動，并(bing)停止(zhi)(zhi)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)攪動。當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)求高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)位冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)能力(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)整體(ti)(ti)浸(jin)入(ru)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)，對(dui)(dui)該(gai)(gai)部(bu)位再實施噴液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)其(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)速度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。必須放在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)效加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)區內，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)量、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)及(ji)堆放形(xing)式(shi)均應(ying)確(que)保加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)均勻一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)，且不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)致(zhi)造成畸變(bian)和(he)(he)(he)其(qi)他(ta)缺陷。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鹽爐(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)靠電極(ji)(ji)(ji)太近，以(yi)(yi)(yi)防(fang)(fang)局部(bu)過熱(re)(re)(re)，距離應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)30mm以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。與(yu)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)壁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)浸(jin)入(ru)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，都(dou)應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)30mm以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。分級淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)適(shi)(shi)當提(ti)高(gao)(gao)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)增加(jia)(jia)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)奧氏體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)，防(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)分解為(wei)珠光(guang)體(ti)(ti)。結構鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)及(ji)碳(tan)(tan)素鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)接裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)入(ru)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)或比淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)20-30℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)。高(gao)(gao)碳(tan)(tan)高(gao)(gao)合金鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)600℃左(zuo)右預熱(re)(re)(re)后(hou)，再升至(zhi)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。要(yao)(yao)求淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)硬(ying)層(ceng)較(jiao)(jiao)深(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)可(ke)適(shi)(shi)當提(ti)高(gao)(gao)，要(yao)(yao)求淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)硬(ying)層(ceng)較(jiao)(jiao)淺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)選取(qu)(qu)(qu)較(jiao)(jiao)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)水中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得有(you)(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、肥(fei)皂(zao)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)臟物。一(yi)(yi)般情況下(xia)(xia)(xia)，水溫(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)超過40℃，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)超過80℃。 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生產和(he)(he)(he)運輸過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)難免會(hui)涂(tu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，影(ying)響除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)銹(xiu)(xiu)、磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量，降(jiang)低(di)涂(tu)層(ceng)與(yu)基(ji)體(ti)(ti)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)附著(zhu)力(li)(li)。那么，如何從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)石油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)呢?今天我們將介(jie)(jie)(jie)紹一(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。有(you)(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)：皂(zao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)和(he)(he)(he)未皂(zao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)污。常(chang)(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)乙(yi)(yi)醇(chun)、清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)汽油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、甲苯、四(si)氯(lv)(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)、三氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)等(deng)。有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)四(si)氯(lv)(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)和(he)(he)(he)三氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)，它們不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)燃燒，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)下(xia)(xia)(xia)脫(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)，當有(you)(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)后(hou)，還需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)額外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。因(yin)為(wei)當溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)蒸發時(shi)(shi)(shi)，通(tong)(tong)常(chang)(chang)會(hui)留下(xia)(xia)(xia)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)隨后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，通(tong)(tong)過堿清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)電化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)脫(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)。 如何從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)石油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)呢?電化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)：它通(tong)(tong)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)陰極(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)或通(tong)(tong)過交替陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)陰極(ji)(ji)(ji)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。通(tong)(tong)過電化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)反應(ying)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)陰極(ji)(ji)(ji)析出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氫(qing)或從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)析出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧，用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)機(ji)械攪拌(ban)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，促進(jin)金屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。同時(shi)(shi)(shi)，溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)交換，有(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)漬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)皂(zao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反應(ying)和(he)(he)(he)乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)氣泡(pao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)析出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響下(xia)(xia)(xia)，剩余的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)斑從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)金屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)分離出(chu)(chu)來。但在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)陰極(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，氫(qing)經常(chang)(chang)滲入(ru)金屬，導致(zhi)氫(qing)脆。為(wei)了(le)防(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)脆，通(tong)(tong)常(chang)(chang)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)負極(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)負極(ji)(ji)(ji)交替去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。 如何從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)石油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)呢?今天我們將介(jie)(jie)(jie)紹一(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。堿清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)：一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)基(ji)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)堿化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)作用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)因(yin)其(qi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)簡單(dan)、價格(ge)低(di)廉(lian)、易于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)獲(huo)得原(yuan)料(liao)而(er)得到廣泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)堿洗(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝依賴于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)皂(zao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)功能，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)單(dan)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堿來達到上(shang)述(shu)(shu)性(xing)(xing)能。通(tong)(tong)常(chang)(chang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)多種(zhong)成分，有(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)(shi)添加(jia)(jia)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)添加(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。皂(zao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)由(you)堿度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)決定(ding)，高(gao)(gao)堿度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)可(ke)降(jiang)低(di)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)張力(li)(li)，使(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)易于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。另外，經過堿洗(xi)(xi)后(hou)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)殘留方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)矩(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)：表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)具(ju)有(you)(you)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)張力(li)(li)低(di)、潤(run)濕性(xing)(xing)好、乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)性(xing)(xing)好等(deng)優(you)點(dian)(dian)，是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)廣泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。通(tong)(tong)過表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)乳(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)作用(yong)(yong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)水界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)形(xing)成一(yi)(yi)定(ding)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)膜(mo)(mo)，改變(bian)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)狀態，使(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)顆粒(li)分散在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，形(xing)成乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或通(tong)(tong)過表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解，使(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)垢在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)膠束(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)而(er)將油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)垢轉(zhuan)移(yi)到水溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

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