結果表(biao)明,65錳鋼板(ban)當變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)方(fang)式(shi)由簡單剪切(qie)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)單向拉(la)伸再變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)平(ping)面應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian) 變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)等(deng)雙拉(la)時(shi)(shi),奧(ao)(ao)氏體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)逐(zhu)漸(jian)下降(jiang)。通(tong)過EBSD觀察發現,不同(tong)(tong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)方(fang)式(shi)下,隨著(zhu)應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量的增加,奧(ao)(ao)氏體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)逐(zhu)漸(jian)發生畸變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian),部分奧(ao)(ao)氏體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)發生馬(ma)氏體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)相(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian),鐵素體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)部幾何必要位錯密度增加。結合織構分析、Schmid因子及外(wai)力所(suo)做功(gong)的計(ji)算可(ke)知,變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)方(fang)式(shi)由單向拉(la)伸變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)平(ping)面應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)再變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)等(deng)雙拉(la)時(shi)(shi),奧(ao)(ao)氏體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)Schmid因子增加,同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)機(ji)械(xie)外(wai)力所(suo)做的功(gong)上升,兩(liang)種(zhong)因素共同(tong)(tong)作用(yong)導致奧(ao)(ao)氏體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)下降(jiang)。而在簡單剪切(qie)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)時(shi)(shi),奧(ao)(ao)氏體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)Schmid因子較高,而機(ji)械(xie)外(wai)力所(suo)做的功(gong) ,機(ji)械(xie)外(wai)力產生的相(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)驅動力較小,導致簡單剪切(qie)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)時(shi)(shi)奧(ao)(ao)氏體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)較高。以奧(ao)(ao)氏體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)在不同(tong)(tong)應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速率和變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)方(fang)式(shi)下的穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)理論依據,利用(yong)彎曲回彈實驗研究了成形(xing)工藝參(can)數(shu)對中錳鋼回彈行為(wei)(wei)的影(ying)響。

結果表(biao)明(ming),彎(wan)曲變(bian)形(xing)(xing)后中錳(meng)鋼厚度(du)(du)(du)方向上發(fa)(fa)生不均勻(yun)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)。65mn錳(meng)冷軋(ya)鋼板在增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)沖壓(ya)速度(du)(du)(du)的(de)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下,彎(wan)曲內層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)區(qu)域的(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)低,導致發(fa)(fa)生馬(ma)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)相(xiang)變(bian)的(de)奧(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數減少(shao)及幾何必要位錯密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)趨勢(shi)減弱(ruo),使(shi)(shi)得加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工硬化能力減弱(ruo),從(cong)而(er)中錳(meng)鋼的(de)回(hui)彈角降低。在增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)彎(wan)曲角度(du)(du)(du)的(de)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下,彎(wan)曲內層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)區(qu)域的(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),使(shi)(shi)得發(fa)(fa)生馬(ma)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)相(xiang)變(bian)的(de)奧(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)以及幾何必要位錯密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),導致加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工硬化增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),從(cong)而(er)中錳(meng)鋼的(de)回(hui)彈角增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。當凹模跨距(ju)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)時(shi),彎(wan)曲內層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)區(qu)域和(he)外層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)區(qu)域的(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)均降低,使(shi)(shi)得發(fa)(fa)生馬(ma)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)相(xiang)變(bian)的(de)奧(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數及幾何必要位錯密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)呈現(xian)減弱(ruo)趨勢(shi)。在相(xiang)同的(de)總變(bian)形(xing)(xing)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下,凹模跨距(ju)的(de)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),使(shi)(shi)得彈性變(bian)形(xing)(xing)階(jie)段所(suo)占比例增(zeng)大,因(yin)而(er)中錳(meng)鋼的(de)回(hui)彈角增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。通過(guo)改(gai)變(bian)兩(liang)相(xiang)區(qu)退(tui)火工藝和(he)軋(ya)制(zhi)方式研究了奧(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數和(he)織(zhi)構對中錳(meng)鋼彎(wan)曲回(hui)彈的(de)影響。結果表(biao)明(ming),奧(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數的(de)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),使(shi)(shi)得材料(liao)的(de)彈性模量增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia);制(zhi)備不同奧(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數的(de)兩(liang)相(xiang)區(qu)退(tui)火工藝使(shi)(shi)得中錳(meng)鋼具有不同的(de)屈服強度(du)(du)(du)和(he)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工硬化。

65mn錳(meng)冷(leng)軋(ya)鋼(gang)(gang)板彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)、屈服強度(du)和加(jia)工硬化的(de)(de)(de)差異共同(tong)導致回(hui)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)角的(de)(de)(de)變化。在不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)奧氏體織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)構條件下,中(zhong)錳(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)隨著含(han)<111>的(de)(de)(de)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)構組(zu)分強度(du)的(de)(de)(de)減(jian)弱而(er)降低(di);同(tong)時其加(jia)工硬化能力隨著含(han)<1-10>和<001>的(de)(de)(de)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)構組(zu)分強度(du)的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)強而(er)增(zeng)加(jia)。彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)降低(di)和加(jia)工硬化能力的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)加(jia)是回(hui)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)角增(zeng)加(jia)的(de)(de)(de)主要原因。考慮奧氏體體積分數和織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)構對彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)(liang)影(ying)響的(de)(de)(de)有限(xian)元仿真模(mo)型,能夠(gou)更(geng)地預測實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)用(yong)中(zhong)錳(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)回(hui)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)行為,其預測的(de)(de)(de)回(hui)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)角更(geng)接近實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)測定的(de)(de)(de)回(hui)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)角。 

較基體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)硬度值(zhi)有很(hen)大。測得高錳(meng)鋼基體(ti)摩擦系數在(zai)0.9左(zuo)右,65錳(meng)鋼板熔(rong)覆后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)FeCoNiCrMnTix涂層(ceng)耐磨性有了一(yi)定程度的(de)(de)(de),且隨著(zhu)Ti含量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)加(jia),耐磨性隨之,熔(rong)覆后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)FeCoNiCrMnTix涂層(ceng)在(zai)Ti0.5的(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)摩擦系數和(he)(he)磨損(sun)量(liang)達到(dao)小(xiao)值(zhi),分別(bie)為0.38和(he)(he)10.8mg。

  經(jing)時效處理后的(de)FeCoNiCrMnTix涂層試樣的(de)耐磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)性(xing)整體(ti)上有了(le)很(hen)大的(de),隨著(zhu)Ti含量(liang)(liang)的(de)增加(jia),其(qi)耐磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)性(xing)也成的(de)趨勢。65mn錳冷軋鋼(gang)板其(qi)中(zhong)時效處理后的(de)FeCoNiCrMnTix涂層在(zai)Ti0.5的(de)情況下摩(mo)擦(ca)系數和磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)(liang)達(da)到(dao)小值,分別(bie)為0.13和3.6mg。基(ji)(ji)體(ti)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)痕形(xing)貌(mao)為大量(liang)(liang)深且(qie)(qie)寬的(de)滑溝(gou),摩(mo)擦(ca)類型為磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒(li)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun);熔(rong)覆(fu)后的(de)涂層磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)形(xing)貌(mao)主(zhu)要是較淺的(de)滑溝(gou),滑溝(gou)處有少量(liang)(liang)顆粒(li),且(qie)(qie)有層片(pian)狀脫落,磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)形(xing)式為粘(zhan)著(zhu)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)與磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒(li)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)。在(zai)時效處理后,磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)形(xing)貌(mao)有了(le)明顯的(de)改善,滑溝(gou)數量(liang)(liang)變(bian)少且(qie)(qie)更淺,磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒(li)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)消失。M13高錳鋼(gang)基(ji)(ji)體(ti)的(de)沖擊韌(ren)性(xing)值經(jing)實驗測得為148.33J/cm2,熔(rong)覆(fu)后的(de)試樣沖擊韌(ren)性(xing)值在(zai)175J/cm2左右(you),相(xiang)較于基(ji)(ji)體(ti)有所。

   800°時(shi)效(xiao)16小時(shi)后(hou)的(de)試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)沖(chong)擊韌(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)值在155J/cm2左右(you),相(xiang)較(jiao)于時(shi)效(xiao)前的(de)試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)沖(chong)擊韌(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)值略(lve)下降,但經時(shi)效(xiao)后(hou)的(de)不含Ti元素的(de)試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)沖(chong)擊韌(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)值達到(dao)了182J/cm2。65錳(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)板高錳(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)基體和熔覆(fu)后(hou)的(de)涂層斷(duan)(duan)口都含有大(da)量韌(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)窩(wo),為韌(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)斷(duan)(duan)裂(lie)(lie)(lie);時(shi)效(xiao)處理后(hou)除Ti0.5試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)斷(duan)(duan)口含有解(jie)理和韌(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)窩(wo),為脆性(xing)(xing)(xing)斷(duan)(duan)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)和韌(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)斷(duan)(duan)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)之外,其他試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)斷(duan)(duan)口均由(you)大(da)量韌(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)窩(wo)構成,為韌(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)斷(duan)(duan)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)。整體上FeCoNiCrMnTix較(jiao)大(da)程度上提高了M13高錳(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)的(de)沖(chong)擊韌(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)。