淬(cui)硬42CrMo鋼板(ban)以其高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)強度(du)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)韌性、優異的(de)(de)淬(cui)透性,適用(yong)(yong)(yong)于制造(zao)多種(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)載荷(he)、交變載荷(he)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)精密(mi)等多因(yin)素疲勞損傷失效(xiao)的(de)(de)零件。該(gai)材(cai)料硬度(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),因(yin)此普通加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)式(shi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)難度(du)大,加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)應(ying)力不可控(kong),表(biao)面(mian)(mian)質量(liang)差。超(chao)聲輔助(zhu)磨削(xue)(xue)在加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)硬脆材(cai)料方(fang)面(mian)(mian)具有優異性能,本文采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)軸向超(chao)聲振動輔助(zhu)磨削(xue)(xue)方(fang)式(shi)以及普通磨削(xue)(xue)方(fang)式(shi)對淬(cui)硬42CrMo鋼進行加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)試驗,使用(yong)(yong)(yong)各(ge)種(zhong)測量(liang)儀器測量(liang)兩(liang)種(zhong)磨削(xue)(xue)后(hou)的(de)(de)42CrMo表(biao)面(mian)(mian)質量(liang)并觀察分析。結果表(biao)明,兩(liang)種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件表(biao)面(mian)(mian)均有殘余壓(ya)應(ying)力,超(chao)聲輔助(zhu)磨削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件表(biao)面(mian)(mian)殘余壓(ya)應(ying)力提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)11.0%～30.8%,形(xing)貌優于普通磨削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)粗(cu)糙度(du)降低約80%,顯硬度(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于普通磨削(xue)(xue)約10%。 

 采(cai)用不同的旋轉(zhuan)速度(du)對42CrMo鋼汽車半軸(zhou)進行了(le)旋鍛,并(bing)進行了(le)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)性能和沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)性能的測(ce)試與(yu)分析。結果(guo)表明,隨旋轉(zhuan)速度(du)從(cong)30 r/min增(zeng)大(da)至(zhi)110 r/min,半軸(zhou)試樣的磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)體積先減小(xiao)后(hou)(hou)增(zeng)大(da),沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)吸收(shou)功(gong)先增(zeng)大(da)后(hou)(hou)減小(xiao),磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)性能和沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)性能先后(hou)(hou)下降。當旋轉(zhuan)速度(du)70 r/min時,試樣的磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)體積達(da)到(dao)小(xiao)值(zhi)17×10-3mm3,沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)吸收(shou)功(gong)達(da)到(dao) 值(zhi)89 J,與(yu)30 r/min旋轉(zhuan)速度(du)相比,磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)體積減小(xiao)了(le)29.17%,沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)吸收(shou)功(gong)增(zeng)大(da)了(le)11.25%。旋鍛42CrMo鋼半軸(zhou)的 旋轉(zhuan)速度(du)為70 r/min。 

  大批(pi)量(liang)42crmo鋼板M24螺栓在(zai)淬(cui)火、回火后(hou)發現縱向開裂(lie)(lie)。對開裂(lie)(lie)螺栓進(jin)行了宏觀檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)、化學成分檢(jian)測、硬度試驗(yan)(yan)和(he)金(jin)相檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)。結果表明:裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)兩(liang)側有(you)氧化現象(xiang),裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)具有(you)沿(yan)晶開斷裂(lie)(lie)的特(te)征,為淬(cui)火裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen),及螺栓開裂(lie)(lie)是由淬(cui)火不當所(suo)致。