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目(mu)前,隨(sui)著第(di)三代(dai)汽車用現(xian)金高強(qiang)65錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)板的(de)(de)(de)開發,越來越多的(de)(de)(de)高品(pin)質中(zhong)(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)出(chu)現(xian)。中(zhong)(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)內有大(da)量亞穩奧氏體組織(zhi)(zhi),在(zai)變形(xing)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)伴隨(sui)著相變的(de)(de)(de)發生,能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)提高材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)度和塑性。但(dan)目(mu)前科研(yan)人員大(da)多聚焦在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)成(cheng)分(fen)及(ji)組織(zhi)(zhi)調控方面,對于中(zhong)(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)實際應(ying)用鮮有關注。本文基于原位掃描電鏡(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)察,DIC光學實驗觀(guan)(guan)(guan)察,XRD檢測分(fen)析(xi)(xi)及(ji)不同(tong)應(ying)變量樣品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)透射電鏡(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)察分(fen)析(xi)(xi)研(yan)究了5Mn中(zhong)(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)單軸拉(la)伸過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)機(ji)理,結合觀(guan)(guan)(guan)組織(zhi)(zhi)表征、力學性能(neng)(neng)測試(shi)和仿真分(fen)析(xi)(xi),探(tan)索中(zhong)(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)成(cheng)形(xing)性能(neng)(neng)、強(qiang)韌化(hua)機(ji)理及(ji)實際生產(chan)可行性。
5Mn中(zhong)錳鋼(gang)強塑積可達到30GPa.%以上,基(ji)體(ti)(ti)為(wei)鐵素體(ti)(ti)及(ji)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)組(zu)織,可能存在(zai)冷軋(ya)及(ji)熱處理引入的少量(liang)板條馬氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti),其中(zhong)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)分為(wei)大晶(jing)粒(li)和小晶(jing)粒(li)兩種(zhong)類(lei)型,大晶(jing)粒(li)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)穩定性(xing)低于(yu)(yu)小晶(jing)粒(li)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)。單軸拉(la)伸過(guo)程中(zhong),屈服階段奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)向(xiang)馬氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變的轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變量(liang)較少,因此(ci)(ci)呂德斯(si)應(ying)變僅為(wei)1%左右（遠低于(yu)(yu)同類(lei)中(zhong)錳鋼(gang)）,屈服結束后(hou)(hou)較多(duo)大晶(jing)粒(li)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)發(fa)生相(xiang)變,20%變形后(hou)(hou)大量(liang)小晶(jing)粒(li)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)發(fa)生相(xiang)變。由于(yu)(yu)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)晶(jing)粒(li)較小,因此(ci)(ci)相(xiang)變產生的可動位(wei)錯數量(liang)適中(zhong),產生連續(xu)傳播的A型PLC帶。部分大晶(jing)粒(li)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)在(zai)變形過(guo)程中(zhong)出現層錯,其相(xiang)變過(guo)程為(wei)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)—ε馬氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)—α’-馬氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)。本文通過(guo)埃里克森杯(bei)(bei)突(tu)實驗(yan)(yan)(yan),擴孔(kong)實驗(yan)(yan)(yan)及(ji)成(cheng)形極限實驗(yan)(yan)(yan)研究了(le)5Mn中(zhong)錳鋼(gang)的成(cheng)形性(xing)能。65mn錳冷軋(ya)鋼(gang)板鋼(gang)擁有良(liang)好的杯(bei)(bei)突(tu)性(xing)能,在(zai)光(guang)潔區域杯(bei)(bei)突(tu)值可達到12mm以上。實驗(yan)(yan)(yan)采用(yong)激(ji)光(guang)切割(ge)(ge),線切割(ge)(ge)及(ji)沖(chong)(chong)孔(kong)三種(zhong)預制孔(kong)加(jia)工工藝研究制孔(kong)工藝對擴孔(kong)性(xing)能的影響,結果(guo)顯示線切割(ge)(ge)制孔(kong)樣擴孔(kong)性(xing)能 ,激(ji)光(guang)切割(ge)(ge)制孔(kong)樣擴孔(kong)性(xing)能為(wei)穩定,沖(chong)(chong)孔(kong)樣由于(yu)(yu)沖(chong)(chong)孔(kong)過(guo)程中(zhong)局部材料存在(zai)相(xiang)變及(ji)加(jia)工硬化,因此(ci)(ci)擴孔(kong)性(xing)能
預(yu)硬(ying)化以及服役過程中的變(bian)形會使得高錳鋼(gang)組織性(xing)能發生改變(bian),相應(ying)的腐蝕性(xing)能發生改變(bian)。
本文旨在研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)對(dui)(dui)65錳(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)板高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)錳(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)能的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang),可(ke)為(wei)其在服役環境(jing)中的(de)(de)腐(fu)蝕(shi)評(ping)價及防(fang)護提供參考。依據(ju)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)后高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)錳(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)組織(zhi)性(xing)能的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua),選(xuan)取變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)0%,20%,40%,60%四個有代(dai)表(biao)(biao)性(xing)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)量(liang)(liang)(liang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)。本文以變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)0%,20%,40%,60%的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)錳(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)為(wei)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)對(dui)(dui)象,分(fen)別進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)電化(hua)學測(ce)試(shi)、慢應變(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)率(lv)拉伸試(shi)驗和(he)鹽(yan)霧腐(fu)蝕(shi)實驗。利用金相、XRD、EBSD和(he)TEM表(biao)(biao)征方(fang)(fang)法(fa)觀察形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)對(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)錳(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)組織(zhi)結(jie)構的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。利用增(zeng)(zeng)重法(fa)、極化(hua)曲線和(he)電化(hua)學阻抗譜分(fen)析方(fang)(fang)法(fa)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)錳(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)在不(bu)(bu)同(tong)腐(fu)蝕(shi)條件下的(de)(de)腐(fu)蝕(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)。結(jie)合SEM對(dui)(dui)腐(fu)蝕(shi)后的(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)貌的(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)比(bi)和(he)XRD對(dui)(dui)銹層(ceng)成(cheng)分(fen)分(fen)析來(lai)探究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)腐(fu)蝕(shi)條件下的(de)(de)腐(fu)蝕(shi)機理(li)。65mn錳(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)冷軋(ya)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)板研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)結(jie)果(guo)表(biao)(biao)明:隨著(zhu)(zhu)軋(ya)制(zhi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)大(da),位錯(cuo)密(mi)度逐漸(jian)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)孿晶數量(liang)(liang)(liang)逐漸(jian)增(zeng)(zeng)加。孿晶的(de)(de)生成(cheng)阻礙(ai)了位錯(cuo)的(de)(de)運動,使得(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)錳(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)硬度提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao);位錯(cuo)密(mi)度隨著(zhu)(zhu)軋(ya)制(zhi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)量(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)大(da)而提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),位錯(cuo)密(mi)度的(de)(de)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)是(shi)影(ying)響(xiang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)錳(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)能的(de)(de)主導(dao)因(yin)素。位錯(cuo)密(mi)度的(de)(de)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)使得(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)錳(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)處于高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)度無(wu)序的(de)(de)狀態增(zeng)(zeng)強(qiang),表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)電子活性(xing)增(zeng)(zeng)大(da),不(bu)(bu)僅為(wei)陰陽離子快速(su)傳輸提供更(geng)多的(de)(de)通道,還(huan)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)滑(hua)移(yi)臺階的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)與發展,利于化(hua)學反應的(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。
65mn錳(meng)冷(leng)軋鋼板(ban)高錳(meng)鋼受拉應力和腐蝕性介(jie)質的(de)(de)共同作(zuo)用,斷裂方式呈(cheng)現脆性斷裂,塑(su)韌性受到了損失。應力腐蝕敏(min)感性隨著(zhu)變形量(liang)的(de)(de)增大而增大。高錳(meng)鋼的(de)(de)基體(ti)和銹層(ceng)產(chan)物共同作(zuo)用影響其(qi)耐(nai)鹽霧(wu)腐蝕的(de)(de)性能,銹層(ceng)產(chan)物主要由(you)?-Fe OOH、?-FeOOH、?-Fe OOH、Fe3O4等組成(cheng)。變形量(liang)大的(de)(de)高錳(meng)鋼因(yin)鋼基體(ti)活性較(jiao)大和銹層(ceng)產(chan)物中存(cun)在更多的(de)(de)具有一定(ding)反(fan)應活性的(de)(de)?-FeOOH和Fe3O4而耐(nai)蝕性較(jiao)差
近年來,中65錳鋼板因具有(you)優異的強塑積(ji)且兼顧了經濟性(xing)與工業可行性(xing)而成為了第三代汽(qi)車(che)用鋼中的一個研究(jiu)熱點,如何進一步提高其力學性(xing)能(neng)是人們研究(jiu)的重點之(zhi)一。
基(ji)(ji)于此,本文(wen)在(zai)(zai)傳統(tong)中錳(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)研(yan)究的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎上,設計了(le)(le)一種(zhong)V合(he)金(jin)化中錳(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)并對其(qi)進行(xing)了(le)(le)熱軋(ya)、冷(leng)軋(ya)、溫(wen)(wen)軋(ya)及(ji)隨后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)相區(qu)退(tui)(tui)火處(chu)(chu)理,較(jiao)為(wei)系(xi)統(tong)地研(yan)究了(le)(le)實(shi)驗鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)在(zai)(zai)不同軋(ya)制狀(zhuang)態及(ji)不同退(tui)(tui)火溫(wen)(wen)度(du)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀(guan)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)和(he)力學(xue)性能(neng)變化規律(lv),探(tan)討了(le)(le)V合(he)金(jin)化對中錳(meng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)強度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。得到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)結果如下:本文(wen)通過(guo)研(yan)究熱軋(ya)+兩(liang)相區(qu)退(tui)(tui)火（625℃-800℃）處(chu)(chu)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)驗鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)與力學(xue)性能(neng),得出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果表明(ming):實(shi)驗鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)長(chang)條狀(zhuang)δ-鐵素體(ti)、板條狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)α-鐵素體(ti)+殘余(yu)奧氏體(ti)（Retained austenite,RA）以及(ji)大量細小彌散的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)VC析(xi)出相。對于625℃和(he)750℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)相區(qu)退(tui)(tui)火試樣,VC的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)析(xi)出強化增量分別(bie)為(wei)-347 MPa和(he)-234 MPa;隨著退(tui)(tui)火溫(wen)(wen)度(du)（Intercritical annealing temperature,TIA）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),65錳(meng)冷(leng)軋(ya)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板VC析(xi)出相尺寸增大和(he)RA板條粗化引起了(le)(le)屈服強度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)著降低。
隨著TIA的(de)(de),RA含量(liang)先增加后降低(di)(di),穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)持續降低(di)(di),導致實驗(yan)(yan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)塑(su)積(ji)(ji)先增加后降低(di)(di);當(dang)TIA為725℃時,可獲(huo)得高(gao)達(da)(da)(da)-50GPa·%的(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)塑(su)積(ji)(ji),并(bing)且(qie)屈服強(qiang)(qiang)度達(da)(da)(da)到890 MPa,從而具有(you)(you)(you)優異的(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)塑(su)性(xing)(xing)配合。通(tong)過研究冷(leng)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)+兩相(xiang)區退(tui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)（650℃-800℃）處理(li)(li)的(de)(de)實驗(yan)(yan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)力(li)學性(xing)(xing)能,其(qi)(qi)結(jie)果表明:冷(leng)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)退(tui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)態(tai)實驗(yan)(yan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)主要(yao)為長條(tiao)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)δ-鐵素體(ti)(ti)、等軸狀(zhuang)(zhuang)α-鐵素體(ti)(ti)+RA以(yi)及大量(liang)細小(xiao)彌散(san)的(de)(de)VC析(xi)出相(xiang)。65mn錳冷(leng)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)板其(qi)(qi)中(zhong),當(dang)TIA較低(di)(di)時,組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)存在少(shao)量(liang)板條(tiao)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi);隨著TIA升高(gao),板條(tiao)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)逐漸消失,等軸狀(zhuang)(zhuang)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)逐漸增多。此外,隨著TIA的(de)(de)升高(gao),RA含量(liang)逐漸增加而RA穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)持續降低(di)(di),導致實驗(yan)(yan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)塑(su)積(ji)(ji)先增加后降低(di)(di)。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong),當(dang)TIA為700℃時,獲(huo)得高(gao)達(da)(da)(da)-52.6GPa·%的(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)塑(su)積(ji)(ji)。通(tong)過研究溫(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)以(yi)及溫(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)+兩相(xiang)區退(tui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)（650℃-800℃）處理(li)(li)的(de)(de)實驗(yan)(yan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)力(li)學性(xing)(xing)能,其(qi)(qi)結(jie)果表明:溫(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)原始(shi)態(tai)及溫(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)+退(tui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)態(tai)實驗(yan)(yan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)均(jun)為δ-鐵素體(ti)(ti)、板條(tiao)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)與(yu)少(shao)量(liang)等軸狀(zhuang)(zhuang)共存的(de)(de)α-鐵素體(ti)(ti)+RA以(yi)及大量(liang)細小(xiao)彌散(san)VC析(xi)出相(xiang)。當(dang)TIA為650-750℃時,其(qi)(qi)強(qiang)(qiang)塑(su)積(ji)(ji)均(jun)能保持在50 GPa·%以(yi)上,這表明溫(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)處理(li)(li)使實驗(yan)(yan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)具有(you)(you)(you)較寬的(de)(de)熱處理(li)(li)工藝窗口。因此,溫(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)處理(li)(li)有(you)(you)(you)可能成為一種簡(jian)化傳統(tong)中(zhong)錳鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)生(sheng)產應(ying)用的(de)(de)新方法。
結(jie)果表明,65錳鋼(gang)(gang)板當變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)方式由(you)簡(jian)單剪(jian)切變(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)單向拉伸再(zai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)平(ping)面(mian)應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian) 變(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)等(deng)雙(shuang)拉時(shi),奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)逐漸(jian)下(xia)(xia)降。通過EBSD觀察發(fa)現,不同變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)方式下(xia)(xia),隨著應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)增加(jia),奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)逐漸(jian)發(fa)生畸變(bian)(bian)(bian),部(bu)分奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)發(fa)生馬(ma)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)相變(bian)(bian)(bian),鐵素(su)體(ti)(ti)內部(bu)幾何(he)必(bi)要位錯密度增加(jia)。結(jie)合織構分析(xi)、Schmid因(yin)(yin)子(zi)及外(wai)(wai)力(li)所做功的(de)(de)(de)(de)計算可知(zhi),變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)方式由(you)單向拉伸變(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)平(ping)面(mian)應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)再(zai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)等(deng)雙(shuang)拉時(shi),奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)Schmid因(yin)(yin)子(zi)增加(jia),同時(shi)機械外(wai)(wai)力(li)所做的(de)(de)(de)(de)功上升,兩種因(yin)(yin)素(su)共(gong)同作用(yong)導致奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)下(xia)(xia)降。而在(zai)簡(jian)單剪(jian)切變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)時(shi),奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)Schmid因(yin)(yin)子(zi)較(jiao)高,而機械外(wai)(wai)力(li)所做的(de)(de)(de)(de)功 ,機械外(wai)(wai)力(li)產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)相變(bian)(bian)(bian)驅動(dong)力(li)較(jiao)小,導致簡(jian)單剪(jian)切變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)時(shi)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)高。以奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)在(zai)不同應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)速率和變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)方式下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)為(wei)理論依(yi)據,利用(yong)彎曲(qu)回彈實驗研(yan)究了成形(xing)工藝(yi)參數對(dui)中錳鋼(gang)(gang)回彈行(xing)為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。
結果(guo)(guo)表(biao)明(ming),彎曲(qu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)后中(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)厚度(du)(du)方向上發生不(bu)均勻(yun)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。65mn錳(meng)(meng)冷軋鋼(gang)板在增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)沖壓速(su)度(du)(du)的條件下,彎曲(qu)內(nei)(nei)層(ceng)區(qu)(qu)域的變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)較低,導(dao)致發生馬氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)相變(bian)(bian)(bian)的奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數(shu)(shu)減少及幾何(he)必要位(wei)(wei)錯(cuo)密(mi)度(du)(du)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)趨勢減弱,使(shi)得(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)硬化能力減弱,從而(er)中(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)的回(hui)(hui)彈角降低。在增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)彎曲(qu)角度(du)(du)的條件下,彎曲(qu)內(nei)(nei)層(ceng)區(qu)(qu)域的變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),使(shi)得(de)發生馬氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)相變(bian)(bian)(bian)的奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數(shu)(shu)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)以及幾何(he)必要位(wei)(wei)錯(cuo)密(mi)度(du)(du)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),導(dao)致加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)硬化增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),從而(er)中(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)的回(hui)(hui)彈角增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。當凹(ao)模(mo)跨距增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)時,彎曲(qu)內(nei)(nei)層(ceng)區(qu)(qu)域和(he)外層(ceng)區(qu)(qu)域的變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)均降低,使(shi)得(de)發生馬氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)相變(bian)(bian)(bian)的奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數(shu)(shu)及幾何(he)必要位(wei)(wei)錯(cuo)密(mi)度(du)(du)呈現(xian)減弱趨勢。在相同(tong)的總變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)條件下,凹(ao)模(mo)跨距的增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),使(shi)得(de)彈性變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)階段所(suo)占比(bi)例(li)增(zeng)大,因而(er)中(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)的回(hui)(hui)彈角增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。通過改變(bian)(bian)(bian)兩相區(qu)(qu)退火工(gong)(gong)藝和(he)軋制方式研(yan)究了(le)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數(shu)(shu)和(he)織(zhi)構對(dui)中(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)彎曲(qu)回(hui)(hui)彈的影響(xiang)。結果(guo)(guo)表(biao)明(ming),奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數(shu)(shu)的增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),使(shi)得(de)材料(liao)的彈性模(mo)量(liang)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia);制備不(bu)同(tong)奧(ao)(ao)氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)分(fen)數(shu)(shu)的兩相區(qu)(qu)退火工(gong)(gong)藝使(shi)得(de)中(zhong)錳(meng)(meng)鋼(gang)具有不(bu)同(tong)的屈服(fu)強度(du)(du)和(he)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)硬化。
65mn錳冷軋鋼板彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)、屈服強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)和(he)加工(gong)硬化的(de)(de)(de)差異(yi)共同(tong)導致回(hui)(hui)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)角的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化。在不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)奧(ao)氏體(ti)織構(gou)條件下,中(zhong)錳鋼的(de)(de)(de)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)隨著(zhu)含<111>的(de)(de)(de)織構(gou)組分強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)減(jian)弱(ruo)而降低;同(tong)時其(qi)加工(gong)硬化能(neng)力(li)隨著(zhu)含<1-10>和(he)<001>的(de)(de)(de)織構(gou)組分強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)增強(qiang)(qiang)而增加。彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)降低和(he)加工(gong)硬化能(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)增加是回(hui)(hui)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)角增加的(de)(de)(de)主要原因。考慮奧(ao)氏體(ti)體(ti)積(ji)分數和(he)織構(gou)對彈(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量(liang)影響(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)限元仿真模(mo)型(xing),能(neng)夠更(geng)地預測(ce)實驗用中(zhong)錳鋼的(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)行為(wei),其(qi)預測(ce)的(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)角更(geng)接(jie)近(jin)實驗測(ce)定的(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)角。
