• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

博創輻射防護工程

口(kou)腔CBCT如(ru)(ru)今已經成為(wei)口(kou)腔診(zhen)療(liao)(liao)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)配(pei)(pei)，如(ru)(ru)果想裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)口(kou)腔CBCT，就必須(xu)安裝(zhuang)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)在(zai)裝(zhuang)修建成過程中(zhong)需要(yao)(yao)注意哪(na)些問(wen)題呢(ni)？一、鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)尺寸《醫(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)X射(she)(she)(she)線(xian)(xian)診(zhen)斷衛生(sheng)(sheng)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)標(biao)準(zhun)》對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)各類鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)小(xiao)有(you)效使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)及(ji)小(xiao)單邊長(chang)度(du)(du)均有(you)規(gui)定，這(zhe)一面(mian)積(ji)(ji)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)也(ye)是鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)驗(yan)收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)指標(biao)之一。例如(ru)(ru)：▲X射(she)(she)(she)線(xian)(xian)設(she)備(bei)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)及(ji)單邊長(chang)度(du)(du)單邊長(chang)為(wei)1.88m，完全符合醫(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)內(nei)小(xiao)單邊長(chang)度(du)(du)，占地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)小(xiao)，有(you)利于(yu)(yu)節約成本。▲尺寸二、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)口(kou)腔CBCT鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)重點是X射(she)(she)(she)線(xian)(xian)，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)為(wei)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)板(ban)及(ji)硫酸(suan)(suan)鋇涂料(liao)(liao)。兩種材(cai)料(liao)(liao)在(zai)造價及(ji)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)效果方面(mian)存在(zai)諸多差(cha)異。▲硫酸(suan)(suan)鋇和(he)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)板(ban)對(dui)(dui)比(bi)無論是選擇(ze)哪(na)種防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)，都(dou)應(ying)該按照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)下圖所示，進行(xing)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。墻(qiang)面(mian)宜(yi)為(wei)混(hun)凝土澆筑或普通磚墻(qiang)結構(gou)，并(bing)有(you)足夠厚度(du)(du)。為(wei)方便放射(she)(she)(she)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)施工(gong)及(ji)設(she)備(bei)帶安裝(zhuang)等，不宜(yi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)空心磚。▲放射(she)(she)(she)科設(she)備(bei)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)輻射(she)(she)(she)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)圖解三、地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)和(he)給排水(shui)1、地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)：鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)平(ping)(ping)坦(tan)（建議進行(xing)找平(ping)(ping)處理，1米(mi)長(chang)度(du)(du)內(nei)高(gao)度(du)(du)差(cha)≤5mm）、光潔(jie)、無塵，堅固，能有(you)效承受負荷，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止機(ji)座下沉。這(zhe)樣有(you)利于(yu)(yu)拍(pai)攝定位，降(jiang)低圖像誤差(cha)，并(bing)根據(ju)(ju)設(she)備(bei)安裝(zhuang)需要(yao)(yao)提前(qian)做好電纜溝及(ji)溝蓋(gai)板(ban)，預埋(mai)線(xian)(xian)路，需預埋(mai)預埋(mai)孔內(nei)徑為(wei)3cm的(de)(de)(de)路線(xian)(xian)管(guan)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)以連接鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)電腦和(he)曝光手柄。2、給排水(shui)：鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)內(nei)不應(ying)有(you)水(shui)管(guan)穿越(yue)。四、鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)門和(he)觀察(cha)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)1、X射(she)(she)(she)線(xian)(xian)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)設(she)計要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)根據(ju)(ju)《醫(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)診(zhen)斷X線(xian)(xian)衛生(sheng)(sheng)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)標(biao)準(zhun)》（GBZ131—2002）中(zhong)5.3條規(gui)定：“治療(liao)(liao)室必須(xu)有(you)觀察(cha)治療(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)設(she)備(bei)（如(ru)(ru)工(gong)業電視或觀察(cha)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)）。觀察(cha)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)應(ying)設(she)置在(zai)非有(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)線(xian)(xian)束方向的(de)(de)(de)墻(qiang)上，并(bing)具有(you)同(tong)側墻(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)屏蔽(bi)效果”。因(yin)而對(dui)(dui)應(ying)有(you)效（直射(she)(she)(she)）射(she)(she)(she)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)門窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)，其(qi)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)當(dang)量(liang)不小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)4.0mm的(de)(de)(de)屏蔽(bi)厚度(du)(du)；對(dui)(dui)應(ying)散射(she)(she)(she)射(she)(she)(she)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)門窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)，其(qi)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)當(dang)量(liang)不小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)2.5mm的(de)(de)(de)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)屏蔽(bi)厚度(du)(du)。安裝(zhuang)設(she)備(bei)應(ying)盡量(liang)靠近(jin)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)間內(nei)墻(qiang)里(li)居中(zhong)，這(zhe)樣可以減少門窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)應(ying)有(you)效射(she)(she)(she)線(xian)(xian)。2、X射(she)(she)(she)線(xian)(xian)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)門的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)設(she)計要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)《醫(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)診(zhen)斷X線(xian)(xian)衛生(sheng)(sheng)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)標(biao)準(zhun)》（GBZ131-2002）4.5.5明確規(gui)定：“治療(liao)(liao)室的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)門必須(xu)與治療(liao)(liao)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態(tai)聯鎖(suo)，只有(you)關(guan)閉治療(liao)(liao)室門時才能照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)射(she)(she)(she)；在(zai)治療(liao)(liao)機(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)射(she)(she)(she)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下意外(wai)開啟防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)門則中(zhong)斷照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)射(she)(she)(she)。應(ying)當(dang)采取措施，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)射(she)(she)(she)中(zhong)意外(wai)開啟防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)門，且此時在(zai)控制臺應(ying)有(you)相應(ying)顯示”。因(yin)而醫(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)診(zhen)斷X射(she)(she)(she)線(xian)(xian)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)門必須(xu)設(she)有(you)警(jing)戒(jie)裝(zhuang)置，門外(wai)近(jin)處應(ying)有(you)醒目的(de)(de)(de)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)射(she)(she)(she)狀(zhuang)態(tai)指示燈(deng)和(he)電離(li)輻射(she)(she)(she)警(jing)告標(biao)志(zhi)。CT移動方艙

移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)式(shi)一體化(hua)PCR實(shi)驗室(shi)方(fang)(fang)艙可(ke)(ke)以(yi)進行(xing)(xing)多重組(zu)合，并(bing)納入信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)流(liu)程優化(hua)管理(li)，不但適(shi)用于不同旅客數量的(de)(de)陸(lu)、港、空口岸，還能(neng)廣泛應(ying)用于醫療機構(gou)、隔離(li)觀察點等(deng)，成為科技戰“疫”的(de)(de)又一新(xin)“利器(qi)”。方(fang)(fang)艙內各功能(neng)區均(jun)設置獨立的(de)(de)送、排風系統(tong)，3分鐘內即完成換氣，并(bing)實(shi)現(xian)整艙終末消毒。根據需要(yao)，方(fang)(fang)艙可(ke)(ke)進行(xing)(xing)搬移(yi)(yi)，落(luo)地后即可(ke)(ke)投入使(shi)用。可(ke)(ke)以(yi)說，移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)式(shi)一體化(hua)生物方(fang)(fang)艙實(shi)現(xian)了“隨采隨消、循環作業”，為口岸疫情(qing)防控(kong)提供了更為可(ke)(ke)靠便(bian)捷的(de)(de)生物屏障。CT移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)艙

CT移動方艙：牙(ya)科(ke)(ke)(ke)鉛(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)的(de)大小及(ji)屏蔽層的(de)厚度應(ying)視被檢工(gong)件大小和射線的(de)劑(ji)量等級來選擇，牙(ya)科(ke)(ke)(ke)鉛(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)采用高(gao)純度1號電解(jie)鉛(qian)(qian)，防護板(ban)材具備著(zhu)硬度高(gao)，支撐力(li)強，抗拉(la)力(li)大。牙(ya)科(ke)(ke)(ke)鉛(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)廣泛用于X射線防護。鉛(qian)(qian)房(fang)(fang)出(chu)產工(gong)藝中鉛(qian)(qian)板(ban)被膠脂包裹，難以發生(sheng)氧(yang)化(hua)，分離，避免(mian)了因鉛(qian)(qian)氧(yang)化(hua)對工(gong)作人(ren)員造成危害(hai)。防護板(ban)材是由多種元(yuan)素復合而(er)成，具備著(zhu)接(jie)納性(xing)。